The common drag force correlations have been obtained under specific conditions: steady-state, no turbulence in the ambient stagnant fluid, no lift force (neither a result of shear flow in the fluid, nor due to particle rotation), and no adjacent particles or containment walls. Except for the Stokes regime of particle motions when the particle Reynolds number is smaller than 0.1 (or, less strictly, smaller than unity), simply adding in any type of CFD simulation a number of expressions derived for specific canonical cases to get the correct total interaction force conflicts with the nonlinear character of fluid flow and the Navier–Stokes equation. The above extensive explanation about fluid–particle interaction demonstrates how complex a topic this is when the approach is to draw up generally applicable empirical correlations with the view of using them in the common CFD simulations by means of the (commercial) CFD software. Van den Akker, in Advances in Chemical Engineering, 2015 10.1 The Euler–Lagrange Approach Türk has authored 125 articles (including 13 book chapters) has graduated 20 PhD students (10 as supervisor and 10 as co-advisor) and more than 50 Diploma / Master and 15 Bachelor students.Harry E.A. His current research activities are focused on the use of supercritical fluids (mainly CO2 and H2O) as media to prepare organic, inorganic and metallic materials by physical transformation or chemical reaction and the development of new, energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly strategies to create novel products with extraordinary performance for pharmaceutical, energy and biomedical applications. In his professorial dissertation of 2001 a theory was proposed allowing understanding of the relationship between process conditions and the properties of organic particles produced by supercritical fluid based processes. Türk completed his PhD thesis in the field of thermodynamic properties and intermolecular interactions of binary gaseous mixtures. degree in Chemical Engineering from the Universität Karlsruhe (Technische Hochschule). Perspectives in Future Trends and Research Needs Supercritical Fluid Reactive Deposition Process Particles from Gas-Saturated Solutions Process Rapid Expansion of a Supercritical Solution Process State of the Art Modeling of Particle Formation in Supercritical Fluids Conditions for Successful Particle Formation Hydrothermal Synthesis in Supercritical Water Formation of Inorganic Particles Using a Supercritical Fluid as Reaction Media Conditions for Successful Particle Formation-Typical Results Formation of Organic Particles Using a Supercritical Fluid as Solute Conditions for Successful Particle Formation-Results and Applications Formation of Organic Particles Using a Supercritical Fluid as Antisolvent
Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution Formation of Organic Particles Using a Supercritical Fluid as Solvent
Fluid Dynamics, Mass, Energy, and Momentum Balances Selected Particle Characterization Methods Apparatus/Experimental Techniques for Measuring (High Pressure) Phase Equilibria Data Mixtures Consisting of an SCF and a Low Volatile Substance Supercritical Fluid Science and Technology.The interdisciplinary "modus operandi" will encourage cooperation between scientists and researchers from different but complementary disciplines. Bridging the gap between theory and application, the book imparts the scientific and engineering fundamentals for innovative particle formation processes. The introduction to high pressure and high temperature phase equilibria and nucleation phenomena provides the basic principles of the underlying physical and chemical phenomena, allowing the reader an understanding of the relationship between process conditions and particle characteristics. The book comprehensively examines the current status of research and development and provides perspectives and insights on promising future directions. Particle formation with supercritical fluids is a promising alternative to conventional precipitation processes as it allows the reduction of particle size and control of morphology and particle size distribution without degradation or contamination of the product.